Courses

graduate course descriptions

UNDERGRADUATE COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

Biol 100
Coastal Ecology
Investigations of the natural history and community dynamics of the coastal environment, salt marshes, sea grass beds, mudflats, and beaches. Field and laboratory exercises on the adaptations and interactions of marine organisms are emphasized.
Meets every weekday during two weeks of the summer at the University's field station on Nantucket.
Prerequisites: Permission of instructor.
3 Credits

Biol 101
The Basis of Life
The uniqueness of life within the physical universe. The matter and energy of life, the genetic code, molecular biology, and the origin and evolution of life. An overview for students in the humanities and social sciences of those features which distinguish living organisms from non-living things. No background in the natural sciences is required.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 1 Disc Hr, 3 Credits

Biol 102
Evolutionary Biology
Designed for students in the social sciences and humanities. Those areas of genetics, ecology, and evolution that form a unified approach to the study of organisms and populations. No background in the natural sciences is required.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits

Biol 103
Biology of Human Disease
This course uses human disease as a vehicle to study biology in a context that is relevant to students' lives. We will focus specifically on cancer, AIDS, and sickle cell anemia. These diseases will be used to illustrate concepts in genetics and cell and molecular biology. The course will provide experience in scientific problem solving and in evaluation of scientific evidence, so that students develop an appreciation of how science works. Students will also examine ethical and social policy issues associated with these diseases.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Ms Skvirsky

Biol 104
Human Biology
A one-semester course designed for those who do not intend to major in biology. Topics are drawn from among the following: reproduction and development, human evolution and diversity, disease, and genetics. No background in the natural sciences is required.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits

Biol 105
Economic Botany
The origin, botanical relationships, domestication and history of plants useful to humans and of economic importance, emphasizing our dependance on cultivated plants, how plants have influenced diverse cultures over time, and our influence on the vegetation of the world. No background in
the natural sciences is required.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
Diversity Area: International.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Mr Wilkes

Biol 107
Extinction
An introductory survey for non-majors of the causes and implications of extinction in biological systems, at the level of the allele, the population, and the ecosystem. One field trip may be required.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Mr Wilkes

Biol 108
Introduction to Nutrition
Introduction to the elements of nutrition with emphasis on nutrition for humans, examination of food stuffs and nutritional quality, physiology of food utilization, food quality regulations, and the global ecology of food
production. No background in the natural sciences is required.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Mr Wilkes

Biol 111
General Biology I
An integrated course stressing the principles of biology. Life processes are examined primarily at the molecular and cellular levels. Intended for students majoring in biology or for non-majors who wish to take advanced biology courses.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits

For more info visit http://intro.bio.umb.edu/111-112/
Mr B. White

Biol 112
General Biology II
An integrated course stressing the principles of biology. Life processes are examined primarily at the organismal and population levels. Intended for students majoring in biology or for non-majors who wish to take advanced biology courses.
Prerequisite: Biol 111.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits

For more info visit http://intro.bio.umb.edu/111-112/
Mr B. White

Biol 207
Anatomy and Physiology I
A study of the human organism, correlating structure and physiological mechanisms. Emphasis on skin, the special senses, and the skeletal, articular, muscular, nervous, and endocrine systems. Required of nursing and human performance and fitness majors.
Prerequisite: Biol 111 or equivalent.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Mr Guimond

Biol 208
Anatomy and Physiology II
Continuation of Biol 207. Emphasis on the digestive, circulatory, respiratory, excretory, and reproductive systems. Required of nursing and human performance and fitness majors.
Prerequisite: Biol 207.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Mr Guimond

Biol 209
Medical Microbiology
An introduction to viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa which may be pathogenic to humans and animals; and to immunology, epidemiology, and clinical microbiology. The laboratory introduces sterile techniques,
maintenance of pure cultures, isolation, identification, and immunological methods.
For nursing majors. Biology majors should take Biol 334 for microbiology.
Prerequisites: Biol 111, Chem 104 or 108; or Chem 116 & 118
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits

Biol 210
Cell Biology
A study of structure and function of cells including physiological and biochemical processes of cells, membranes, subcellular organelles, and of specialized cells. Specific topics include synthesis and mode of action of biological macromolecules, flow of information and energy, mode of enzyme action, cell-to-cell communication, and membrane functions such as
transport.
Note: Students (non-biology majors) who do not wish to take the laboratory portion of this course should register for Biol 212.
Prerequisites: Biol 111 and 112, Chem 103, or Chem 115 & 117, Place into Math 110 or higher using the UMB Math Placement Test.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Huang

Biol 212
Cell Biology (Lecture only)
The description of this course is the same as Biol 210; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory. Biology majors should take Biol 210.
Prerequisites: Same as for Biol 210.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Huang

Biol 252
Genetics
The basic principles of heredity, studied through an integrated presentation of molecular and classical (Mendelian) genetics. Topics include the nature of the hereditary material, structure of chromosomes, and patterns of inheritance.
Note: Students (non-biology majors) who do not wish to take the laboratory portion of this course should register for Biol 254.
Prerequisites: Biol 111 and 112, Chem 103, or Chem 115 & 117, Place into Math 110 or higher using the UMB Math Placement Test.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Kesseli, Dr. Skvirsky

Biol 254
Genetics (Lecture only)
The description of this course is the same as Biol 252; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory. Biology majors should take Biol 252.
Prerequisites: Same as Biol 252.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Kesseli, Dr. Skvirsky

Biol 290
Population Biology
This course examines evolution and the growth of populations, developing principles and applying them to such issues as interaction among species, social behavior, preservation of genetic variation in domestic species, ecology of human pathogens, control of insect pests, and the organization of ecosystems. The course includes two field trips.
Prerequisites: Biol 252 or 254 and Math 110.
Distribution Area: Natural Sciences.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Brault, Dr. Dukes

Biol 302
Histology
A survey of the structure and organization of tissues and organ systems, primarily of mammals. Cellular physiology is considered as it relates to structure, ultrastructure, and staining characteristics.
Prerequisite: Biol 210.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits

Biol 306
Marine and Coastal Ecological Research
2 weeks for 3 credits (offered in the Summer )
An advanced undergraduate course emphasizing supervised independent research into the adaptations and interactions of organisms of Nantucket's beaches, salt marshes, sand dunes, watershed, and embayments. Individualized research projects have included in the past a wide variety of topics such as shark biology, habitat reclamation, and conservation of endangered species. Prerequisites: Familiarity with genetics, physiology, college algebra, and permission of the instructor

Biol 312
Developmental Biology and Embryology
This course analyzes the development of multi-cellular animals and plants by examining major developmental processes: growth, gene expression, cell interaction, morphogenesis, and pattern regulation. Lectures use experimental evidence to explore the commonality of mechanisms in
differing organisms. Basic labs provide experience with materials and methods, and help clarify changing three-dimensional relationships. Additional labs investigate vertebrate embryology in greater detail.
Note: Students wishing to take this course with fewer lab hours for fewer credits should enroll in Biol 313.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 and 252; Chem 103, or Chem 115 & 117.
3 Lect Hrs, 6 Lab Hrs, 5 Credits
Staff

Biol 313 (lecture only)
Developmental Biology and Embryology
The description of this course is the same as Biol 312; Biol 313 has fewer lab hours. Students wishing to take this course with additional lab hours for more credits should enroll in Biol 312.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 and 252; Chem 103, or Chem 115 & 117.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Staff

Biol 314 (lecture only)
Developmental Biology

see Bio 312 discription

3 Credits

Staff

Biol 316
Neurobiology
Examination of the nervous system beginning at the membrane and cellular level, and then moving on to the organization of sensory and motor systems. Special topics include the biological bases of various neurological and psychiatric diseases.
Note: Students who do not wish to take the laboratory portion of this course should register for Biol 318.
Prerequisite: Biol 210 or 212 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Pollack

Biol 317
Endocrinology
The study of hormone physiology and biochemistry in the context of organismal regulation and coordination. Includes hormone chemistry, control and regulation of hormone production, and the cellular and biochemical nature of hormone action. Emphasis on mammalian systems and on
laboratory and clinical investigations of the endocrine system.
Note: Students who do not wish to take the laboratory portion of this course should register for Biol 319.
Prerequisite: Biol 210 or 212 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Campbell

Biol 318
Neurobiology (lecture only)
The description of this course is the same as Biol 316; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory.
Prerequisite: Biol 210 or 212 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Pollack

Biol 319
Endocrinology (Lecture)
The description of this course is the same as Biol 317; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory.
Prerequisite: Biol 210 or 212 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Campbell

Biol 320
Vascular Plants
The anatomy, morphology, and evolution of the major groups of vascular plants.
Note: Students who do not wish to take the laboratory portion of this course should register for Biol 322.
Prerequisite: Biol 210 or 212.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits

Biol 321
Plant Physiology
A study of plant function with emphasis on nutrition, translocation, metabolism, signal transduction and gene expression, photosynthesis and respiration, hormonal controls during vegetative and reproductive growth, and responses to environmental signals and stresses.
Note: Students who do not wish to take the laboratory portion of this course should register for Biol 323.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 or 212, Chem 104 or Chem 116 & 118, Math 110.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Colon-Carmona

Biol 322
Vascular Plants (Lecture only)
The description of this course is the same as Biol 320; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory.
Prerequisite: Biol 210 or 212.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits

Biol 323
Plant Physiology Lecture
The description of this course is the same as Biol 321; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory.
Prerequisites: same as for Biol 321.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Colon-Carmona

Biol 328
Plant Life
An advanced survey of plant diversity, the major groups, their organization and reproduction, the elements of taxonomy and economic botany of vascular plants, and the major issues of conservation biology.
Note: Students who do not wish to take the laboratory portion of this course should register for Biol 329.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 and 252, or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 2-3 Field Trips, 4 Credits
Dr Wilkes

Biol 329
Plant Life (Lecture only)
The description of this course is the same as Biol 328; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 and 252, or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Wilkes

Biol 330
Biology of Fishes
This upper-level survey course covers the evolution, systematics, anatomy, physiology and behavior of freshwater, marine and anadromous fishes from temperate to tropical environments. The course also examines the diversity of fish interactions in aquatic communities: predator/prey relationships, host/symbiont interactions, and the various roles of fishes as herbivores. Study of inter- and intra-specific predator-prey relationships among fish populations in aquatic communities integrates principles of ecology.
Note: this course is offered in the summers at the New England Aquarium, registration is through UMB's Continuing Education Dept.
Prerequisites: Permission of Instructor and 1 year general biology and two upper level biology courses. 3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits

Biol 331
Biology of Marine Invertebrates
Essential background for those planning to concentrate in organismic biology, evolution, ecology, or applied environmental science. The course covers life histories, ecological roles, adaptations, morphologies, evolution, and classification of marine invertebrate animals. Laboratory includes
field trips to local marine communities.
Note: Students who do not wish to take the laboratory portion of this course should register for Biol 333.
Prerequisite: Biol 210 or 252.
3 Lect Hrs, 6 Lab Hrs, 5 Credits
Dr Rex

Biol 333
Biology of Marine Invertebrates (Lecture only)
The description of this course is the same as Biol 331; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory.
Prerequisite: Biol 210 or 252.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Rex

Biol 334
Microbiology
Study of viruses, bacteria, algae, fungi, and protozoa, to include their charcterization, classification, and relationship to humans and the environment. Lectures cover microbial biochemistry, cell biology, genetics, taxonomy, pathogenic bacteriology, food and industrial microbiology, and ecology.
The laboratory emphasizes aseptic techniques to isolate, culture, observe, and identify bacteria.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 or 212, and Chem 104 or Chem 116 & 118.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Shiaris

Biol 336

Ecosystem Ecology

The flow of elements and energy through ecosystems. Special emphasis is placed on the responses of ecosystem properties and biogeochemical cycling to man-caused global changes. The course focuses primarily on terrestrial ecosystems. Each week, one hour is devoted to discussion of classic or current papers.

Dr. Dukes

Biol 337
Comparative Animal Physiology
Considers physiological principles and problems in a phylogenetic perspective. An integrated view of physiological solutions from the cellular to organismal level will be used to discuss adaptations to environments and constraints on life history. Major topics to be considered include: temperature
responses, biological clocks, allometry, respiration, circulation, energetics, locomotion, and salt and water balance.
Note: Students who do not wish to take the laboratory portion of this course should register for Biol 339.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 or 212, Chem 104 or Chem 116 & 118, Math 110.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Stevenson

Biol 338
Insect Life
Physiological and other adaptations that account for the survival and success of insect life are considered. The laboratory will deal primarily with the diversity of insects. Brief consideration is also given to the
relationship of insects to humankind.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 and 252.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits

Biol 339
Comparative Animal Physiology (Lecture only)
The description of this course is the same as Biol 337; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory.
Prerequisites Same as Biology 337.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Stevenson

Biol 340
Marine Mammal Biology
This upper level course will cover the biological ecology of marine mammals (Pinnipeds, Cetaceans, Sirenians) with emphasis on applied population ecology, and conservation issues. Topics include adaptations to marine environments, effects of human exploitation, case studies of population recovery, and multi-species interactions. Many topics make use of mathematical equations.
Prerequisite: Biol 290, Math 130 or equivalent.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Brault

Biol 342
Ecology
A course in population and community ecology. Topics include theory and case studies of population dynamics, competition, predation, niche concepts, life history strategies, behavioral interactions, energetics and productivity, community structure and organization, and biogeography.
Prerequisite: Biol 290 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Ebersole

Biol 343
Ecology Laboratory
Field trips to local terrestrial and marine communities, laboratory studies of population dynamics and interactions between species, and analytical approaches to ecological data. Some field trips may be scheduled on Saturdays. Offered in even-numbered years, fall term.
Corequisite or prerequisite: Biol 342.
1 Lect Hr, 3 Lab Hrs, 2 Credits

Biol 344
Ornithology
The biology of birds, with emphasis on problems of wider biological interest in ecology and behavior.
Prerequisite: Biol 210 or 252.
Corequisite: Biol 345.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Hatch

Biol 345
Ornithology Laboratory
Laboratory and field work in ornithology.
Prerequisite: Biol 210 or 252.
Corequisite: Biol 344.
3 Lab Hrs, 1 Credit
Dr Hatch

 

Biol 348
Animal Behavior
The course deals with some topics in the physiology and development of behavior and more extensively with social organization, communication, and ecological aspects of behavior. Emphasis on the function and evolution of behavior.
Prerequisite: Biol 290 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Hatch

Biol 349
Methods in Ethology
Observational and experimental analyses of the behavior of a variety of species. Laboratory studies, films, and field trips.
Corequisite: Biol 348.
5 Lab Hrs, 1 Disc Hr, 3 Credits
Dr Hatch

Biol 352
Evolution
Evolution as the unifying concept of biology. Topics include population genetics, adaptive strategies, sex and breeding systems, speciation and population differentiation, fossil histories, evolution of man.
Prerequisites: Biol 252 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Rex

Biol 353
Evolution Laboratory
Laboratory investigations of evolutionary processes, including simulations of population genetics, biometric analyses of adaptive morphological features in natural populations, experiments on mimicry, field trips to systematic museum collections and local natural habitats, and
phylogenetic analysis of land snails. Concepts of experimental design and statistical analysis are emphasized. (Course offered in the spring semester of even-numbered years.)
Corequisite: Biol 352.
3 Lab Hrs, 1 Disc Hr, 2 Credits

Biol 360
Bioinformatics
This course will provide a fundamental overview of bioinformatics, which is the collection, organization, and analysis of biological information in large scale and high throughput. Topics include database searches and sequence alignments, estimation of DNA sequence substitutions, molecular phylogenetics and applications, genomics and gene finding, protein and RNA structure prediction, proteomics and applications in drug design.
Prerequisites: Biol 252/254 or permission of instructor
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Tan

Biol 370
Molecular Biology
The molecular biology and biochemistry of gene expression in procaryotes and eucaryotes. Topics include DNA structure/physical biochemistry, recombinant DNA technology, techniques in research, DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis, protein synthesis, operons, chromatin structure and gene regulation, oncogenes, hormones and growth factors and signal transduction, transposons, mutagenesis and repair, flowering,
photosynthesis, development, circadian rhythms, etc. Laboratories emphasize basic research techniques.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 or 212, Biol 252 or 254, Biochm 383 and 385 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Ackerman

Biol 372
Molecular Biology (Lecture only)
The description of this course is the same as Biol 370; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 or 212, Biol 252 or 254, Biochm 383 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Ackerman

Biol 378
Introduction to Immunology
An introduction to the principles of immunology including definition of antigens and antibodies, specificity of the immune response, immunoglobin structure, the genetics of immunoglobin synthesis, cellular cooperation in the immune response, mechanism of inflammation, transplantation, diseases associated with responsiveness of the immune system.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 and 252 and Chem 104, or permission of the instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits

For more info visit http://asterias.bio.umb.edu/
Dr Beck

Biol 380
Introduction to Immunology (Lecture only)
The description of this course is the same as Biol 378; this course consists of lecture sections only; there is no laboratory.
Prerequisites: same as for Biol 378.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits

For more info visit http://asterias.bio.umb.edu/
Dr Beck

Biol 381
Special Topics
Detailed study of a specialized field of biology. Several topics may be offered each semester. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 1 Credit

Biochm 383
Biochemistry I
In the first of a two semester sequence, the chemistry of life processes is discussed in terms of structure and biological function of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and other cellular components. Special emphasis is given to protein structure and function, enzymology, carbohydrate metabolism, transport mechanisms, energy transformations, and photosynthesis. It is recommended that Biochm 385 be taken concurrently.
Prerequisites: Biol 111 and Chem 254 or permission of instructor.
3 Lecture Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Hagar, Dr Sugumaran, Dr Laufer

Biochm 384
Biochemistry II
In the second of a two semester sequence, discussion of cellular function is continued. The topics are biochemistry and synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, structural motifs in protein folding, metabolism of lipids and amino acids, nitrogen fixation, molecular immunology, hormones, ion channels, neurochemistry, biological applications of nuclear resonance and biochemical evolution.
Prerequisites: Biol 210 or 212 and Biochm 383 or permission of instructor.
3 Lecture Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Hagar, Dr Sugumaran, Dr Laufer

Biochm 385
Biochemistry Lab I
Laboratory course to complement Biochm 383. Experiments involving titration, purification and analysis of biological molecules. Provides training in such techniques as chromatography, electrophoresis, and enzyme kinetics.
Prerequisites: Chem 254; Corequisite: Biochm 383 or permission of the
instructor.
1 Lect Hr, 5 Lab Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Sugumaran, Dr Hagar, Dr Laufer

Bioch 386
Biochemistry Lab II
Laboratory course to complement Biochm 384. Experiments involving high performance liquid chromatography, circular dichroism, optical rotary dispersion, nuclear magnetic resonance, photosynthesis and analysis of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.
Prerequisites: Biochm 385.
Corequisites: Biochm 384 or permission of the instructor.
1 Lect Hrs, 5 Lab Hrs, 3 Credits

Biol 395
Biotechnology
This course is designed to introduce students to methodologies and approaches in the biotechnology industry. The course focuses on the scientific principles and the applications of microbiology, cell biology,
immunology and molecular biology in the medical, pharmaceutical, chemical, and agricultural industries.
Prerequisites: Biochm 383 and permission of the instructor.
Corequisites: Biol 372.

Prerequisites: Biochem 383 and permission of the instructor.
3 Lect Hrs
Staff

Biol 444
Cooperative Education Field Placement in Biology
A work placement in an off-campus biological laboratory or field setting where a student carries out an approved project comparable in depth and scope to an advanced undergraduate biology course. The department appoints one or more faculty to serve as co-sponsors. All placements are for six months. Full-time: six credits. Half-time: three credits.
Prerequisites: Junior standing, Biol 210 and 252, cumulative grade point average of 2.5 or higher in all courses, and grade point average of 2.5 or higher in science and mathematics courses.
Hrs by arrangement, 3-6 Credits

Biol 478 / Biol 479
Independent Study I / II
An opportunity for qualified, advanced students to work on a specialized topic or research project in biology under the guidance of a faculty advisor. The course is normally taken for 3 credits per semester. Enrollment may be for one semester but students are strongly urged to enroll for a full year. This course can be taken in the summer. Biol 478 and 479 do not count toward biology major requirements. Laboratory and field work.
Prerequisites: 2nd semester junior standing and permission of a research director.
Hrs by arrangement, 1-3 Credits

Graduate course descriptions

All 600 level courses with the exception of Biol 698 and 699 are open to advanced undergraduates who meet prerequisites and have permission of the instructor.

Biol 601
Marine Ecosystems
The structure and function of coastal marine habitats including rocky intertidal areas, sandy beaches, tidal and mud flats, estuaries, salt marshes, soft bottom areas and plankton. The course will review the physical regime, flora and fauna of these environments and case histories of community organization.
Prerequisites: Undergraduate course in ecology and permission of instructor.
3 Lect-Disc Hrs, 3 Credits

Biol 602
Plant Molecular Biology and Physiology
This course focuses on molecular mechanisms of gene regulation, gene expression patterns during development and differentiation, molecular responses to light, plant genetics, the evolution of genomes, plant biotechnology, and the molecular biology of the regulation of physiological processes in plants. Lecture topics integrate molecular biology, plant genetics, plant physiology, and plant evolution. The syllabus includes a core of basic lectures introducing students to the field of plant molecular biology.
Prerequisites: Biol 320, 321, 322, or 323; and 675 or 676.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits

Biol 603
Theories of Community Structure
Theoretical aspects of community development and organization including demography, competition, predation, life history strategies, trophic structure, community stability, and equilibrium and non-equilibrium models of species diversity. The course emphasizes rigorous mathematical and graphical approaches.
Prerequisite: Biol 342 or equivalent or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits

Biol 605
Field Sampling Methods and Data Analysis
Statistical principles of research design, integrated with field techniques, to measure parameters of community structure. Field exercises involve application of the principles learned in lectures and the use of typical sampling equipment to solve environmental questions. Laboratory and field work.
Prerequisites: Biol 342 and 343 or equivalent or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 6 Lab Hrs, 5 Credits

Biol 608 /(Physics 608)
Biophysical Instrumentation
A lecture and laboratory course on the application of microcomputers and microprocessor-based electronics to laboratory experiments in the biological and physical sciences. Emphasis is on techniques for interfacing the microcomputer with laboratory experiments for automated data acquisition, data reduction and analysis, information display and real-time control of experiments.
Prerequisites: Senior or graduate status, advanced laboratory work in major, familiarity with a programming language or permission of instructor.
2 Lect Hrs, 4 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Stevenson

Biol 610
Ethnobotany
Review of studies on plant use by primitive societies in historic and prehistoric times. Ordinarily offered in conjunction with Bio 613.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
2 Seminar or Tutorial Hrs, 2 Credits

Biol 612
Advanced Cell Biology
The analysis of gene transfer and expression at the cellular level, including the nature of metabolic systems and the factors governing their regulation.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 3-5 Credits

Dr. Huang

Biol 613
Topics in Archaeological Botany
Laboratory tutorial: Recovery, identification, and analysis of macroscopic plant remains, pollen, and spores from archaeological and geological deposits; interpretation of the data derived and their botanical, archaeological, and paleo-ecological applications. Since course content varies from semester to semester, this course may be taken more than once for credit.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor; Biol 610 or equivalent. The number of credit hours will be determined by prior consultation with instructor.
3 Lab-Disc Hrs per Credit, 2-5 Credits

Biol 614
Advanced Cell Chemistry
The methodology of cell analysis with emphasis on macromolecules and intermediary metabolites.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 3-5 Credits

Biol 615
Immunology
Selected topics in immunology are studied in depth, using the current literature. Topics are chosen for relevance and current interest or for their challenging, even controversial, nature.
Prerequisite: Biol 378 or 380 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Beck

Biol 619
Theory and Techniques of Electron Microscopy
This intensive course in scanning and transmission electron microscopy will provide practical experience in tissue preparation, darkroom procedures, microtomy, and the use of microscopes. The theory of the techniques and the basic physics of the microscopes will be presented in lectures. Each student will compile a portfolio of micrographs.
Prerequisite: Biochm 383 and 385 or comparable training; or permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 4 Credits

Biol 622
Concepts and Methods in Cytology
The structural basis of cellular and subcellular functions, with practical experience in methods of visualizing cellular structure.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 1-5 Credits

Biol 626
Molecular Genetics of Bacteria
In-depth examination of genetic and molecular processes in bacteria and their associated viruses. Coverage of classical bacterial genetics as well as modern molecular genetic analysis. Topics include genetic transfer processes, gene regulation, mutagenesis and repair, plasmids, transposons, gene fusion methodologies, and protein secretion. Emphasis is given to current experimental approaches and research design.
Prerequisite: Biol 252 or equivalent.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Skvirsky

Biol 627
Bacterial Physiology
A rigorous biochemical examination of the bacterial cell. Lectures focus on bacterial cytology, physiology, and genetics. Areas of current research are emphasized. Students are expected to read primary literature and prepare an in-depth review paper on a special topic.
Prerequisites: Biol 334 and Biochm 383, or equivalent.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Shiaris

Biol 628
Microbial Ecology
The functions, roles, and ecology of microorganisms in the environment, emphasizing biogeochemical cycling of elements. Topics for special concentration are chosen from the following: microbial diversity, evolution, interactions, aquatic or soil microbiology, and sewage microbiology. The course focuses on relating molecular and biochemical mechanisms to ecological principles. Readings are assigned from classical and current scientific literature for class discussion. An in-depth review paper on a special topic is required.
Prerequisites: Biol 334 or 342, and permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Shiaris

Biol 630
Evolutionary Bioinformatics
This course provides a review of current knowledge in molecular evolution (currently more often referred to as evolutionary bioinformatics), an important sub-area of bioinformatics. It covers basic theories/principles for understanding evolutionary forces governing molecular variation and divergence as well as applications of these principles in important evolutionary topics. Basic theories/ principles covered include 1) models of nucleotide change in DNA sequences and nucleotide substitution estimation; 2) phylogenetic tree reconstruction with molecular data; and 3) neutral mutation hypothesis and different methods of detecting natural selection. Topics then covered include molecular clocks, gene duplication and exon shuffling, concerted evolution of multigene families, evolution by transposition and horizontal gene transfer, genome organization and evolution, and comparative genomics.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Prerequisites: Biol 360 or 372, or permission of instructor
Dr Tan

Biol 632
Advanced Evolution
An inquiry into the modern synthetic theory of evolution with emphasis on population genetics, ecological genetics, evolution of dominance, genetic homeostasis, canalization and genetic theory of polymorphism.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 3 Credits

Biol 635
Population Genetics and Diversity
A quantitative approach to the concept of populations and the evolutionary forces affecting them. The course analyzes the interactions among forces and the resulting dynamics of population structure. Toward the end of the semester, the course shifts is primary emphasis from lecture to discussion in order to cover current topics in population genetics. Topics include, among others, the theory and application of tools necessary for assaying genetic variation in natural populations, DNA fingerprinting in forensics, the evolution of sex, and the genetics of rare and endangered species.
Prerequisites: Biology 252 and 352 or equivalent.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Kesseli

Biol 636

Advanced Ecosystem Ecology

The flow of elements and energy through ecosystems. Special emphasis is placed on the responses of ecosystem properties and biogeochemical cycling to man-caused global changes. The course focuses primarily on terrestrial ecosystems. Each week, one hour is devoted to discussion of classic or current papers.

Dr. Dukes

Biol 638
Advanced Ecology
Concepts of population and community ecology. Topics covered may include population dynamics, life history strategies, theory of r- and K-selection, competition, predation, community organization, and species diversity. Particular emphasis is placed on the relationship between theoretical and empirical ecology. A weekly tutorial provides the opportunity for greater discussion of material covered in lecture. Emphasis changes from year to year.
Prerequisite: Biol 342 or permission of instructor.
2 Lect Hrs, 1 Disc Hr, 3 Credits

Biol 639
Conservation Biology
The principles of conservation biology are drawn from various subdisciplines of biology such as ecology, genetics, evolution and biogeography. the course will begin with an analysis of the distribution of biodiversity, proceed to examine the patterns of biodiversity loss at all levels, from genes to ecosystems and finish with a discussion of the causes, consequences and solutions to the crisis. Topics covered include assessment and monitoring of species diversity, conservation genetics, theory of island biogeography, habitat loss and forest fragmentation, human impact of biodiversity, design of nature reserves, economic valuation of biodiversity, and sustainable use of biodiversity.
3 Lect-Disc Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Bawa

Biol 640
Principles of Qualitative Modeling in Biology
A mathematical analysis of biological systems, with emphasis on qualitative rather than quantitative approaches. Signed digraphs (Loop Analysis), matrices, and computer programming will be used. In addition, notions of feedback, stability and other global properties of systems will be presented. During the work sessions, students will be grouped to solve problems. At the completion of the course students will be competent to distinguish the various methods, assess their strengths and limitations, and apply them to biological systems of interest.
3 Lec-Disc Hrs, 3 Credits

Biol 641
Introduction to Population Models
Fundamentals of mathematical models of population dynamics. The course examines single-species models, including stability analysis, life tables, and analysis of matrix models, as well as competition and predation model forms. More advanced topics include spatial structure, stochasticity, harvesting models, individual-based models, and population viability analysis. The course combines lectures, discussions, and hands-on model development.
Prerequisite: Math 135 or 140, or equivalent, or permission of instructor.
2 Lect Hrs, 1 Disc Hr, 3 Credits
Dr Brault

Biol 642
Biogeography
A study of geographical distribution patterns in plants and animals. Includes historical and descriptive aspects of the distributions of organisms, experimental and comparative tests of island biogeography theory, the population genetics and evolutionary strategies of colonizing species. Independent research by students is presented to the class in seminar form.
Prerequisites: Biol 342 and 352 or equivalents. Some knowledge of statistics and calculus highly recommended.
Hrs by arrangement, 3 Credits
Dr Rex

Biol 643
Behavior & Ecology of Seabirds
Adaptations of seabirds to the marine environment with particular reference to breeding biology and feeding strategies; other topics of current interest in behavioral ecology. Lectures or lecture and field work.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 2-5 Credits

Biol 644
Marine Mammal Biology
The biology and ecology of marine mammals (Pinnipeds, Cetaceans, Sirenians), with emphasis on applied population ecology and conservation issues. Topics include phylogeny, adaptation to marine environments, effects of human exploitation, case studies of population recovery, and multi-species interactions.
Prerequisite: Biol 342, or permission of instructor
3 Lect Hrs, 1 Disc Hr, 3 Credits
Dr Brault

Biol 644
Introduction to Population Models
Fundamentals of mathematical models of population dynamics. The course examines single-species models, including stability analysis, life tables and analysis of matrix models, as well as competition and predation model forms. More advanced topics include spatial structure, stochasticity, harvesting models and population viability analysis. Course combines lectures, discussions and hands-on model development.
Prerequisites: Math 130 or 135 or equivalent, Biol 342 or equivalent, or permission of instructor.
3 Lect hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Brault

Biol 645
Ecological and Evolutionary Aspects of Plant-Animal Interactions
Coevolution of plants and animals is examined in an ecological context. Interactions to be examined include pollination, seed predation, herbivory, and grazing. Topics of discussion include the role of these interactions in the regulation of community structure. Although the main emphasis is on tropical communities, there is also some discussion of alpine, temperate, and desert communities.
Prerequisites: Biol 290, and 342 or 352 or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Bawa

Biol 646
Pollutants in Marine Food Chains
Examination in depth of the entry of selected pollutants into the oceans, their movements, distribution and effects within marine organisms. Where possible, case studies from New England will be used.
Prerequisite: Chem 253, Biol 210, Biol 342, and permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 2 Credits

Biol 650
Scientific Communication
Required of all graduate students; usually taken in the second year. One credit is awarded for 650 and two for 651. Students should take both courses either in the same term (they are frequently offered concurrently) or in the same academic year. The two courses cover the storage and retrieval of scientific information (including searching of computerized data bases), the design of tables, figures, and other graphics, the writing of technical reports and papers, and the preparation of posters and publications. Writing, oral presentations and other assignments, and attendance at the weekly departmental seminar, are required.
Prerequisite: Admission to graduate study in biology at either the master's or the docotral level.
3 Credits (for both courses)
Staff

Biol 652
Biological Diversity and Evolution
This course examines the forces that produce and maintain biological diversity.  The course is divided into an evolutionary component that explores the origin of biological diversity (e.g. Cambrian explosion, mass extinctions, speciation and microevolution) and an ecological component that focuses on the maintenance of diversity within communities and why it varies spatially and temporally (latitudinal gradients, competition, predation, disturbance etc.).  Both sections consider forces and patterns operating across a variety of spatial and temporal scales, and explore biological diversity at molecular, population, and community levels.
Prerequisites: Permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Etter

Biol 653
Current Literature in Environmental Biology
A series of one credit seminar courses focusing on subfields of environmental biology to help students develop the habit of keeping up with recent developments through reading scientific journals. The seminars also provide a forum for oral presentations where students can get comment and critique of their scientific progress.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
1 Seminar Hr, 1 Credit

Biol 658 (Env Sci 658)
Environmental Physiology
A discussion course exploring in detail the mechanisms by which organisms adapt to their environment and highlighting the interplay among cellular function, physiological function, and the ecology of the organism.
Prerequisites: Bio 210 or 212, and Bio 337, or permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Stevenson, Dr Robinson

Biol 660
Seminar in Developmental Biology
Current problems in developmental biology. Topics include molecular and cellular differentiation and pattern determination.
Prerequisites: Biol 312 or 313 and permission of instructor.
3 Sem-Disc Hrs, 3 Credits

Biol 662
Photobiology
The photochemical reactions that occur in biological systems. Major topic areas are properties of light energy, utilization of light energy by photosynthetic organisms, mechanism of visual transduction, photochemical triggering mechanisms for developmental processes.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Hagar

Biol 664
Computer Analysis of DNA and Protein Sequences
This course focuses on using computers to predict structure of RNA and protein, search DNA and protein sequence data bases, align protein and DNA sequences, find restriction enzyme sites to design cloning strategies, and choose oligonucleotide primers for DNA sequencing and PCR. The biological significance, limitations, and interpretation of computer analyses are strongly emphasized.
Prerequisite: Graduate standing or permission of instructor.
1 Lect Hr, 3 Lab Hrs, 2 Credits
Dr Kleene

Biol 666
Mammailian Toxicology
This course provides a background in principles of toxicology in mammalian systems. It is an alternative to Environmental Toxicology, ECOS 635, as a core requirement for the Molecular, Cellular, and Organismal Biology doctoral track. Coverage includes: basic concepts of poisons and their commonalities with drugs and hormones; toxicant exposure routes, uptake, sites and mechanisms of action, storage, metabolism, activation, and clearance; toxicant roles in carcinogenesis, development, endocrine, and reproductive functions; roles of diet, lifestyle, and concurrent exposures; methods of toxicant evaluation emphasizing multigeneration and high throughput testing; and environmental and medical implications of toxicant/toxin exposures on individual and ecological health.
Prerequisites: General or Ogranic Chemistry, one advanced course in Cell Biology, Biochemistry or Physiology, and permission of instructor.
3 Lec-Seminar Hrs, 3Credits
Dr Campbell

Biol 668
Cellular and Molecular Endocrinology
A laboratory and seminar course on selected aspects of endocrinology, emphasizing laboratory investigations of such topics of current interest in endocrinology as molecular control of the synthesis of hormones, complete elucidations of the mechanisms of hormone action, and methods of modulating fertility and development.
Prerequisites: Chem 253, Biol 317 or Biochm 383, and permission of instructor.
2 Lec-Seminar Hrs, 6 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Campbell

Biol 670
Tissue Culture
A seminar and laboratory course on the principles and methods of culturing cells, tissues, and organs of animals and plants. Topics include growth factors, differentiation and morphogenesis in vitro, cell cloning, protoplast fusion, and the production of hybridomas for monoclonal antibodies. Students also apply tissue culture methods to individual research projects.
Prerequisites: Biol 313 or permission of instructor.
2 Sem Hrs, 6 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits

Biol 672-673
Directed Readings in Biology
Selected readings in advanced areas of biology with guidance and regular discussion.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 1-3 Credits

Biol 675
Advanced Molecular Biology
A lecture and laboratory course covering the biosynthesis and regulation of RNA, DNA, and proteins in eukaryotic organisms. The course examines the importance of gene regulation in oncogenesis, levels of gene expression and development; as well as regulation by structure and function (chromosome structure and translational regulation); basic research techniques; and current recombinant DNA methodology. Please note: Labs meet every other week, for a total of seven hours every two weeks.
Prerequisites: Bio 370 or 372 and permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 1/2 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Ackerman, Dr Kleene

Biol 676
Advanced Molecular Biology Lecture
A lecture only course covering the same material as Biol 675; no lab work is required.
Prerequisites: Same as in Biol 675.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Ackerman, Dr Kleene

Biol 677
Advanced Eukaryotic Genetics
A broad spectrum of readings in plant, animal and fungal genetics on such topics as segregation distortion, the control of sex determination, modes of asexual reproduction, inheritance of cytoplasmic genomes, self incompatibility systems, transposable elements, and genetic mapping.
Prerequisites: Biology 252 or equivalent.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Kesseli

Biol 678
Protein Chemistry and Enzymology
A lecture and laboratory course on various aspects of protein chemistry and enzymology. Emphasis on purification, characterization, structure, function, mechanism of action, kinetics, and regulatory aspects of enzymes. Topics also include the practical and theoretical aspects of affinity chromatography and other separation techniques, immobilization of enzymes and other biomolecules, enzyme kinetics, and the analytical and industrial use of soluble and insoluble enzymes.
Prerequisites: Biochm 383 and Biol 372, and permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 7 Lab Hrs, 5 Credits
Dr Sugumaran

Biol 679
Protein Chemistry and Enzymology Lecture
A lecture only course covering the same material as Biol 678; no lab work is required.
Prerequisites: Same as in Biol 678.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits
Dr Sugumaran

Biol 685
Biomedical Tracers
A seminar and laboratory course describing the types and uses of physical tracers in the biomedical sciences. Covers theory and application of various tracers (immunoglobins, radioisotopes, lectins, enzymes, chromogen labels, spin labels, heavy isotopes, and particles), instrumentation for their detection, and general methods. The laboratory includes demonstrations and short projects chosen by the students and the instructor.
Prerequisites: Chem 253, Biol 317 or 319 or Biochm 383, and permission of instructor. 2 Lect- Seminar Hrs, 6 Lab Hrs, 4 Credits
Dr Campbell

Biol 691
Advanced Ethology
Examination in depth of topics in the biological study of behavior with particular reference to communication and the evolution of social behavior. Lecture-discussions, occasional lab exercises and field trips. Emphasis changes from year to year.
Prerequisites: Graduate student or senior standing, Biol 348 and permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 3 Credits

Biol 692
Advanced Physiology
In-depth experimental studies of two or three selected areas of organismal and cellular physiology, focusing on sensory and nervous systems and membrane transport. Provisions will be made for independent projects during the course. One weekly seminar plus one weekly lab meeting.
Prerequisites: Biol 337 and Biochm 383, Phys 107 or equivalents; and permission of instructor.
1 sem Hr; 3-4 Lab Hrs, 3-4 credits

Biol 693
Seminar in Neurobiology
Structure, function, and development of sensory receptors, neurons, and muscles.
Prerequisites: Biol 316 or 318 and permission of instructor.
3 Lect Hrs, 3 Credits

Dr Pollack

Biol 697
Special Topics in Biology
A field of current interest in biology is examined in detail.
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
Hrs by arrangement, 2-5 Credits

Biol 698
Projects in Biology
A substantial written report based on library research or an original project such as curriculum design, design of teaching aids and exercises or critique of a book or theory. No more than 6 credits of this course may be applied to the master's degree. The credit may be applied over more than one semester. Biol 698 and Biol 699 are mutually exclusive.
Hrs by arrangement, 6 Credits

Biol 699
Thesis Research
Substantial laboratory or field research resulting in a master's thesis. This course may not substitute for Biol 698 (these two courses are mutually exclusive). No more than 10 credits of this course may be applied to the master's degree. The credit may be applied over more than one semester.
Hrs by arrangement, 10 Credits

Biol 720

Cell Ultrastructure

Concepts of cell ultrastructure and methods of electron microscopy.

Prerequisites: Graduate standing and permission of instructor.

Hrs by arrangement, 3-5 Credits

Biol 899

Dissertation Research

Research conducted under biology department faculty supervision which leads to the presentation of a doctoral dissertation in environmental sciences for students in the environmental biology track of that program.

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

Hrs by arrangement, 10 Credits